The Beginning of Renewal and Religious Reform in Indonesia: Tawḥīd Purification

This article discusses religious reforms and reforms in Indonesia which are linked to theforerunner to the birth of Muhammadiyah. Using a library survey, this article found that thereform movement in Indonesia began to occur in the early 20th century and could not beseparated from the birth of Muhammadiyah. In this context, the renewal of Islam in Indonesiathrough Muhammadiyah is inseparable from the thoughts of Middle Eastern figures, such as IbnTaymiyah and Muhammad Ibn Abdul Wahhab, especially in the aspect of creed (tawḥīd) in theform of purification.This article presents the idea that renewal and reform are a dynamicmovement and is still needed in the context of national development as a form of continuity ofawareness in modern society.